Sistemas de limpieza gelificados para pinturas acrílicas en emulsión: una revisión de la literatura científica

Palabras clave: pinturas acrílicas, limpieza acuosa, geles rígidos, arte contemporáneo, conservación

Resumen

Las pinturas acrílicas en emulsión acuosa se han utilizado en el arte de forma masiva desde los años 60. Sus propiedades ópticas y versatilidad posibilitaron su rápida incorporación al ámbito artístico, convirtiéndola en una de las técnicas más reconocibles a nivel internacional. Desde entonces, muchos artistas se han servido de estos productos sintéticos y sus derivados para realizar sus obras, conformando un gran acervo en fondos y colecciones que hoy en día presenta problemas de conservación. Lo más grave de esta situación es que los problemas identificados están intrínsecamente relacionados con su composición y propiedades de envejecimiento. En general, las películas acrílicas son muy sensibles a los solventes orgánicos y el agua, por lo que los métodos de limpieza tradicional no son adecuados para su intervención. Esta publicación pone en contexto parte relevante de la literatura científica referente a los nuevos métodos de limpieza basados en sistemas acuosos y gelificados.

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Biografía del autor/a

Irene Cardaba López, Gordailua, Centro de Colecciones Patrimoniales de Gipuzkoa

Graduada en Conservación y Restauración de Bienes Culturales en la Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, con Premio Extraordinario Fin de Carrera y Máster en Rehabilitación, Restauración y Gestión Integral de Patrimonio Construido en la misma universidad. Actualmente, Técnico Conservadora Restauradora en Gordailua, Centro de Colecciones Patrimoniales de Gipuzkoa. Trabajando principalmente en la conservación preventiva de las colecciones así como en la dirección de proyectos de restauración en el centro Gordailua y del patrimonio mueble del territorio de Gipuzkoa. Simultáneamente en fase de concluir el doctorado sobre “Limpiezas aplicadas a pinturas de emulsión acrílica”, dentro del programa de doctorado de Estrategias Científicas Interdisplinares en Patrimonio y Paisaje de la Universidad del País Vasco/ Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea.

Álvaro Solbes García, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí (México)

Licenciado en Historia del Arte por la Universidad de Valencia y Máster en Conservación y Restauración de Bienes Culturales por la Universidad Politécnica de Valencia. Doctor en Ingeniería y Ciencia de Materiales por la Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí. Restaurador para instituciones de la conservación del Patrimonio como el Instituto Valenciano de Conservación y Restauración o Fundación ‘La Luz de las Imágenes’, actualmente es profesor-investigador en la Licenciatura de Conservación y Restauración de Bienes Culturales Muebles de la UASLP. Realiza proyectos de investigación para la conservación de Arte Contemporáneo y métodos de limpieza en pinturas acrílicas. Premio nacional Paul Coremans en el área de Conservación del Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia (México), pertenece desde 2019 al Sistema Nacional de Investigadores del CONACYT.

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Publicado
2021-12-17
Cómo citar
Cardaba López, I., & Solbes García, Álvaro. (2021). Sistemas de limpieza gelificados para pinturas acrílicas en emulsión: una revisión de la literatura científica. Ge-Conservacion, 20(1), 337-351. https://doi.org/10.37558/gec.v20i1.1075
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